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Showing posts with the label London

A True Fiery Hell on Earth: The London Tooley Street Fire of 1861 and the Victorian Spectacle of a City in Flames

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  On June 22, 1861 the day of the fire, Arthur Munby, a local resident who was attempting to get back to his home via horse drawn omnibus in London that night, wrote in his diary, “ From Epsom and Cheam we saw a great fire in the direction of London.   A pyramid of red flame on the horizon sending up a column of smoke that rose high in the air and then spread like that over Vesuvius.” What Munby was describing as he rode towards his home that summer night was the infamous 1861 Tooley Street Fire--the largest conflagration to consume London in nearly 200 years since the Great Fire of 1666.   The Tooley Street Fire of 1861, parts of which would burn continuously for up to two weeks, was started sometime around what we today would call rush hour at about 5 in the afternoon on Tuesday, June 22.  It is believed that at about that time, as a warehouse worker was closing up shop for the day along one of London’s many wharves packed with textiles, specifically at a ...

Evil May Day 1517: The Antil-Immigrant London Riots that Shocked Tudor England and Still Echo Today

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  May Day, the 1st day of May, was typically  a day of feasting, festivity and celebration in early modern England.  Ordinarily, in London May Day was a day off from work for the laboring masses and a day to gather in the warm Spring sunshine for dancing and sport in the city’s narrow streets.  But, in London on the 1st of May during the fateful year of 1517, a day of celebration and revelry took on a much more sinister tone and became forever known to history as “Evil May Day”. On the night of May 1, 1517 a violent and drunken mob which numbered perhaps in the thousands took control of old London’s densely packed, muddy and narrow late-medieval city streets.  Fired by years of simmering rage over low wages and lack of meaningful employment, the angry mob sought to assault and in some instances even attempt to murder every member of London’s ever growing foreign born immigrant population that they could find. At that time in Tudor England during the reign of...

Stabbed in the Butt: The Mass Hysteria Behind the London Monster of 1790 and the Tragic Case of Rhynwick Williams

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  At the end of the eighteenth century between 1788 and 1790 there was a man on the loose roaming  the streets of London who attacked unsuspecting beautiful aristocratic women at will.  The penny press of the Georgian Era quickly dubbed the assailant “The London Monster” and over fifty such attacks were reported in just under a two year span.             The London Monster became a cause celebre almost overnight.  Armed vigilante groups formed in all of the city's neighborhoods; well known politicians, authors, actors and entertainers all called upon the city government to do something, anything , to capture the fiend that was terrorizing London's most lovely ladies and bring him (or them) to justice. All of the city’s well-to-do ladies were up in arms and sent into a near panic, the likes of which would not be equaled again until the 1880’s during Jack the Ripper’s reign of murderous terror.  The wor...

Panic Over the Pig-Faced Lady: How Belief in an Urban Legend in 19th Century London Went Out of Control

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  Manchester Square is a small garden landscape in the center of London.  Constructed in the year 1776 within the affluent neighborhood of Marylebone in the West End. The streets around Manchester Square are home to examples of some of London’s most stately 18th century Georgian architecture, and to this very day, the community around Manchester Square is one of affluence and influence. Late in the year 1814, when the Georgian mansions lining Manchester Square were less than a half century old, and the streets of Marylebone were still covered by cobbles, something very bizarre took place in this upper class neighborhood.  Strange stories of the existence of a wealthy woman with a pig’s face began to circulate in the press, and reports of this woman walking the streets around Manchester Square spread across London like wildfire causing a near panic among the residents of the city. Manchester Square The Pig-faced Lady of Manchester Square was said to be the daughter o...